The Untold Exodus: Jewish Refugees from Arab Countries

In the 20th century, the indigenous Jewish populations in the Middle East and North Africa were ethnically cleansed from the region.

Our mission is to ensure that justice for Jews displaced from Arab countries is secured as a matter of law and equity.

Yemenite Jews waiting to board their flight to Israel
Source: JDC Archives

Country Reports: Historical and Economic Analysis

Eleven Reports have been prepared to document the history and heritage, and the loss of individual and communal assets by Jews displaced from
Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Yemen, Aden, and Iran.

Click a country link on the map to access these Reports.

Jewish Refugees from Muslim Countries: Historical and Economic Analysis.

Country 1948 Jewish Population 1958 Jewish Population 1968 Jewish Population 2024 Estimates
Aden 8,000 800 0 0
Algeria 140,000 130,000 3,000 0
Egypt 75,000 40,000 2,500 2
Iran 100,000 0 0 8,756
Iraq 135,000 6,000 2,500 5
Lebanon 5,000 6,000 3,000 50
Libya 38,000 3,750 500 0
Morocco 265,000 200,000 50,000 2,500
Syria 30,000 5,000 4,000 3
Tunisia 105,000 80,000 10,000 1,500
Yemen 55,000 3,500 500 1
Subtotal 956,000 475,050 76,000 12,817

Facts & Figures

Jews are an indigenous people of the Middle East, having lived in the region continuously for millennia, over one thousand years before the advent of Islam.

Legal Rights of Jewish Refugees

Were Jews fleeing Arab countries, really refugees? The United Nations said yes.

The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) determined that Jews fleeing Arab countries were indeed bona fide refugees with full rights under international law.

The legitimate call to secure rights and redress for Jewish refugees from Arab countries is not to negate the suffering of Palestinian refugees. However, Palestinians were not the only Middle East refugees.

For peace in the Middle East, truth and justice must prevail.

Political Recognition

Numerous Governments and international political entities have adopted resolutions and/or held public hearings to formally recognize the legal rights of Jewish refugees from Arab countries.

Educational and Other Resources

Resources are available to promote rights for Jewish refugees from Arab countries including a high school curriculum, movies, bibliography, websites, etc.

Audio Visual

See personal perspectives from Jews who fled Arab countries through interviews, vignettes, and social media postings.